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Mulai Oktober 2008
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| Cultivation curcuma / turmeric |
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INTRODUCTION
GROWTH REQUIREMENTS Grow well in soil type latosol andosol, podzolic and regosol. Land free of bacterial wilt disease, altitude 100 - 1500 m asl, with rainfall 1500 - 4000 mm / yr. PLANT MATERIAL Curcuma is a native plant that grows wild under Indonesian teak stand. We have begun to be cultivated in a limited and production potential among this population and their quality varied. IMACRI has mempunai 10 numbers that have the potential production of ginger expectations (20-40 tons / ha), essential oil content (6.2 to 10.6%), curcumin content (2.0 to 3.3%). The plant material for seed must be precise and clear the name of species, varieties and origins. Temulawak including trunked plants wet, can reach 2.5 meters high, flowers white, pinkish or yellow, stemmed in length from 1.5 to 3 cm, in groups of 3 to 4 pieces. This plant thrives in the soil is fertile, and including wild ginger discoveries often flowering. The flowers straight out of the rhizome with red flowers, light green petals, base of the upper purple flowers. Parts are harvested and used is a pungent rhizome rhizome with flesh colored dark yellow to orange. Harvesting can be done at ages 7-12 months after planting, or the leaves have yellowed and died. As the plant material used for the seed of healthy plants was 12 months. Seedling To be able to use the seed parent and child rhizome rhizome. If the rhizome is used then only a quarter of its parent (one parent rhizome cut into four pieces lengthwise) for one planting hole. If the child was using his seed rhizome size 20-40 g / piece. Before planting the seed was grown up before his eyes grew to the height tunasnya 0.5 to 1 cm, so it could get a uniform crop. CULTIVATION Application of cultivation technology that refers to the SPO that starts from selecting the type, high yielding varieties / expectations, growing environments, seedling, land preparation, planting method, maintenance, pest control, how to harvest and post harvest processing will produce high-quality raw materials and standardized . Planting should be done at the beginning of the rainy season. Land preparation Cultivated land to be looser, strived for the best drainage possible, so that no water-logging on the land, therefore it needs to make the trenches separating spaces. Large plot size from 2.5 to 4 m long plots adjusted to field conditions. Planting distance Curcuma plant spacing varies between, 50 x 50 cm, 50 x 60 cm or 60 x 60 cm, on monoculture farming system. When the plants will be planted with crops intercropping pattern inserts of peanuts, so that the distance cropping 75 x 50 cm. Cropping pattern This crop can be planted with the pattern of intercropping with peanut, using inter row spacing of 75 cm wider and 50 cm distance in rows. Peanut crop is planted along with the planting of ginger, at the age of 3-4 months old plant can be harvested peanuts already. Intercropping with peanut can increase soil fertility in particular can increase soil N elements. Fertilization Manure 10-20 tons / ha as basal fertilizer at planting date. Kalao do need 3-4 after planting, manure was given again 10 -20 tons / ha Maintenance Plant maintenance includes weeding and pembumbunan, to avoid any competition with weeds acquisition of nutrients and retain moisture, temperature and soil friability. Pembumbunan done to memperbaruhi drainage channel separating plots, land plots increased to the planting, weeding is usually done after completion. Pest control Infrequent attacks of pests and diseases. However, to avoid the emergence of attacks to be anticipated by way of prevention. Measures to prevent the entry of seed rhizome rot disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, conducted with the use of healthy seeds, healthy seed treatment (immersion with antibiotics), avoiding injuries (husk ash sprinkled on the surface of rhizomes), crop rotation, crop residues and weed cleaning, manufacture of irrigation channels so that no stagnant water and the water does not flow through the plot of healthy, regular inspection of the garden. HARVEST Harvest age Proper harvest based on age of the plant needs to be done to obtain high productivity, ie at the age of 10-12 months after planting, usually leaves began to shed or dry out. Could also be harvested at the age of 20-24 months. How to harvest Harvesting is done by digging and lifting rhizomes overall. POST HARVEST Cleaning / washing Rhizome yields and dirt washed from the soil, aerating and then dried until the skin is not wet anymore rimpangnya. Trashes wont rhizome After that, the rhizomes are sliced lengthwise with a thickness of 2-3 mm. Dried bulbs Sliced sun-dried rhizomes using solar energy backed with a clean, or can with oven drying temperature of 40 - 60 ° C, until reaching the water content of 90-10%. 
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