Weeds on Soybean Cultivation

 

Weeds are unwanted plants that grow along with soybean plants that are cultivated, as well as the remnants of the plant before the implementation of seed. These plants are competitors or rivals in the utilization of water, soil nutrients, sunlight, and space around the soybean plants, and even acts as a host of pests and diseases. Accumulation of the level of competition by weeds were apparent in the land. In places that have been overgrown with weeds, soybean plants can not grow well. According Soetikno S. Sastroutomo (1990) decline in the results due to weed competition in soybeans crops can reach 10-50%.

 

Variety and the growth of weeds in each field is influenced by the circumstances, milieu and land treatment. Common weeds growing on soybean farm consists of more than 56 kinds, including types of grass, puzzle-tekian, and broadleaf weed species. On land with a cropping index of 300% or not having a long rest period, the variety and number of weeds are relatively small. In contrast, on land that is experiencing a long rest period (Bero), the variety and number of weeds is relatively many. Some of the dominant weed species in soybeans crops such as Amaranthus sp. (Spinach), Digitaria ciliaris (Jampang grass), Echinochloa colonum (grass jejagoan), Eragrotis enioloides (bebekan grass), Cyperus kyllingia (nut-grass), Cyperus Iria (grass jeking turmeric), portulaka sp. (Purslane), Ageratum conyzoides (wedusan), Molluge penaphylla (leaves pearls), and Mimosa pudica (shy daughter).